Actor Samantha Ruth Prabhu recently recounted her experience of sustaining a concussion while filming Citadel: Honey Bunny. In an interview with Galatta India, Samantha, who has previously discussed her diagnosis of myositis, revealed that the concussion affected her memory, leaving her unable to recall names. “I completely blanked out. It was quite an experience. Looking back, nobody took me to the hospital, and nobody even asked me,” she said.

To shed light on the effects of concussions, Indian Express consulted medical experts about what happens to the body in such cases.

“When a concussion occurs, the brain experiences sudden acceleration or deceleration forces, which can damage brain cells and disrupt normal function. This leads to impaired neural connections, altered neurotransmitter release, and temporary changes in brain chemistry,” explained Dr. Prakash Rathod, senior consultant in neurosurgery at Fortis Cunningham Road, Bengaluru. Common symptoms include confusion, dizziness, headaches, nausea, and disorientation.

Dr. Hema Krishna P, a consultant in neurology and movement disorders at Aster CMI Hospital, Bangalore, added that during a concussion, the brain’s neurons can become overstimulated, triggering a cascade of biochemical reactions that may cause inflammation and metabolic disturbances. This disruption can affect cognitive functions like memory and concentration, as well as lead to physical symptoms such as headaches, dizziness, and balance issues.

She also noted, “The body’s response to a concussion can include changes in sleep patterns and emotional regulation, highlighting the complex interplay between the brain and overall health.”

Warning Signs of a Concussion

If you or someone you know has experienced a blow to the head or body, be vigilant for the following signs:

• Loss of consciousness or confusion
• Difficulty remembering things
• Dizziness or balance issues
• Headache or pressure in the head
• Nausea or vomiting, blurred vision, or light sensitivity
• Slurred speech or difficulty concentrating
• Irritability or emotional instability

If any of these symptoms are present, seek medical attention immediately.

Immediate Treatment

If a concussion is suspected, prompt treatment is essential. Dr. Rathod advises starting with rest and avoiding strenuous activities while closely monitoring the individual under medical guidance. Applying ice or a cold compress to the affected area can help reduce swelling. Pain relief medication should only be taken if recommended by a doctor.

He also suggests avoiding screens and electronic devices, staying hydrated, and following return-to-play protocols for athletes.

How Myositis Affects Concussions

A concussion that occurs in individuals with myositis (an autoimmune disorder) differs from a typical concussion due to the autoimmune inflammatory response affecting muscles, blood vessels, joints, skin, and even the pituitary gland.

“Myositis-related concussions may be worsened by muscle weakness and inflammation, or conditions like dermatomyositis. They can also exacerbate dysfunction in the hypothalamus-pituitary system,” Dr. Rathod noted.

Conversely, regular concussions typically result from direct head trauma. Myositis-related concussions require careful consideration of the underlying disease and potential interactions with immunosuppressive treatments.

Conclusion

Understanding the implications of concussions, especially in individuals with underlying conditions like myositis, is crucial for effective management and recovery.